New Jersey is tightening rules on electric bicycles after a surge in crashes, under new legislation signed into law Monday by Gov. Phil Murphy that expands licensing, registration and insurance requirements for e-bike owners and riders.
The measure updates state law for the first time in six years and broadens what qualifies as a regulated motorized bicycle. Under the new statute, all forms of electric bicycles are covered, including pedal bicycles with fully operable pedals and an electric motor that provides assistance while pedaling or can propel the bike exclusively.
New requirements for e-bike owners and riders
The law establishes a set of requirements that more closely align e-bikes with other motorized vehicles:
Licensing: Riders must either be at least 17 years old with a valid driver’s license or 15 years old with a motorized bicycle license.
Registration and insurance: Owners must register their electric bicycles and maintain insurance, a change supporters say will improve accountability and provide protections for those injured in crashes.
Classification: By redefining motorized bicycles to explicitly include all e-bikes, the law closes gaps that previously left some high-powered models outside existing regulations.
Road safety standards: Motor vehicle drivers are required to exercise due caution around e-bikes, including slowing down, maintaining a safe distance or changing lanes when passing.
State officials said the changes are aimed at reducing injuries and fatalities as e-bike use has accelerated statewide.
The legislation follows a series of serious accidents involving electric bicycles, including the deaths of two e-bike operators in separate crashes in Scotch Plains and Orange, along with multiple other incidents.
“It is clear that we are in an age of increasing e-bike use that requires us to take action and update regulations that help prevent tragedies from occurring,” Murphy said, adding that roadway safety has been a priority for his administration.
Senate President Nick Scutari, the bill’s prime sponsor, said the growing popularity and power of e-bikes — particularly among younger riders — necessitated stronger oversight. Requiring registration, licensing and insurance, he said, would improve safety for riders, motorists and pedestrians.